rIAUmr gozn, afrQr lI gozn aqy kYQrIn norfh ihMglI dIaF cONh DIaF ivcoN dUjI hY. ipqf gozn Bfrq ivc “stImr kMpnI” ivc kMm krdf sI. rIAUmr gozn pUrbI bMgfl ivc hI vwzI hoeI. ieQy hI rIAUmr ny afpxIaF BYxF smyq kuJ muwZlI ividaf hfsl kIqI. iek qrHF nfl Ausdf bcpn Bfrq ivc gujLiraf. iPr ieMglYNz puwj ky rIAUmr aqy AusdIaF BYxF nUM, brqfnIaf dy vwK vwK skUlF ivc pVHn leI Byijaf igaf. pr Auh iksy vI skUl ivc cMgI qrHF itkvIN pVfeI nf kr skIaF. iPr rIAUmr, eIstbOrn dy, moierf hfAUs cly geI ijQy Aus ny iek nfc aiDafipkf vjoN tryinMg leI. iPr klkqy phuMc ky Ausny iek zFisMg skUl afrMiBaf.

iek qrHF nfl, rIAUmr gozn ny pMj vrHy dI Aumr qoN hI ilKxf afrMB idwqf. AuNJ Ausny bfrF virHaF dI Aumr qk iksy vI rsmI skUl ivc ividaf hfsl nhIN kIqI. afrMB ivc Gr hI Aus leI skUl irhf. pr gozn ies gloN KusLiksmq rhI ik jd Auh skUl geI qF Ausdf vfh iek aijhI aiDafpkf nfl ipaf ijhVI afpUM vI ilKx df sLOk rwKdI sI. ies aiDafpkf ny gozn nUM krIkulm dy ivisLaF qoN htf ky, ilKx dI, iek ivsLysL ZMg nfl isKlfeI dyxI afrMBI. gozn socdI sI ik AusdI aiDafpkf Aus pfsoN AusdIaF khfxIaF suxygI pr iesdy Ault gozn ny kdy vI afpxI aiDafpkf leI koeI khfxI jF kivqf nf ilKI. sgoN aiDafpkf ny gozn nUM sB qoN pihlF ilKq dy rUp aqy rcnf isLlp (Form and Shape) sbMDI isKlfeI idwqI. sLbd rUp, sLbdF dI rcnf, sLbdF dI mrXfdf, vfk bxqr aqy vfkF ivc sLbdF dI shI ZMg nfl vrqoN Auqy iDafn idwqf. sLbdF dI vrqoN sbMDI isKlfeI iksy vI lyKk bxn dy cfhvfn leI bhuq hI jLrUrI aqy lfhyvMdI huMdI hY .

skUl dI pihlI “trm” ivc gozn ny “dI tfeImjL” aKbfr dy sMpfdkI ivcfr nUM kyvl cOdF(14) sqrF ivc ivakq krn df gur isiKaf. AusdI aiDafpkf vlNo, ies isKlfeI dOrfn mnfhI sI ik Auh afpxI ilKq ivc koeI vI ivsLysLx jF ikiraf ivsLysLx nhIN vrqygI. aqy iesdy nfl hI ik Auh afpxI ilKq ivc kdy vI “mYN” sLbd dI vrqoN nhIN krygI. aijhy bMDnF qoN aMdfjLf lgfieaf jf skdf hY ik iksy leI vI ivsLysLxF aqy ikiraf-ivsLysLxF dI vrqoN kIqy ibnf ilKxf ikMnf aOKf huMdf hY jF ikMnF aOKf ho skdf hY. kdy ieMJ ilK ky dyKx dI koisLsL kIiqaF Jt-pt ies aOK dy drsLx ho jfxgy. pr ijhVf lyKk afrMB ivc aijhI sUJ BrI sKLq imhnq df afdI ho jFdf hY Ausdy vloN vrqy gey vfk sdf hI shI jF shI dy nyVy hoxgy. hF, ieh TIk hY ik keI mOikaF ‘qy lyKkF nUM vrqI jfx vflI ivafkrx dy muZly asUlF nUM vI awKoN Auhly krnf pYNdf hY. pr aijhy lyKkF nUM ies gwl dI soJI hoxI cfhIdI hY ik AuhnF ny afpxI ilKq ivc iks iks QF Auqy aijhI loVINdI glqI kIqI hY.

skUlI ivwidaf hfsl krn smyN hI imltn dI L’Allegro ivc vrqy gey “iek sur vfly” Bfv ivaMjxF dI, imltn dIaF hor ikrqF nfl qulnf krvfeI geI. gwl kI, gozn Auqy AusdI aiDafpkf dI isKlfeI df bhuq asr ipaf. pr ies qknIkI isKlfeI df AusdI klpnf sLkqI Auqy koeI burf pRBfv nhIN ipaf. Auh afpxI soc dIaF AuzfrIaF Brn leI suqMqr rhI. afpxI aiDafpkf sbMDI AusdI itwpxI iDafn mMgdI hY: -mYN ieh nhIN ds skdI ik mYN ies aiDafpkf dI ikMnf ku irxI hF. ieh iewk bhuq hI sKLq aqy akfa dyx vflI isKlfeI sI. pr ies isKlfeI ny myrI klpnf jF soc ivc iksy qrHF dI rukfvt nhIN pfeI.

gozn dI aiDafpkf ny Aus pfsoN ieh vcn vI ilaf sI ik Auh (gozn) 25 virHaF dI hox qoN pihlF afpxI koeI vI rcnf pRkfsLq nhIN krvfeygI. gozn ny ies vcn dI pflxf kIqI. gozn Auqy lgfeI geI ies bMdsL sbMDI bhuq ikMqU-prMqU kIqy jf skdy hn pr mMnIey BfvyN nf, ies ivc bhuq aklmMdI lukI hoeI hY. bhuqy nvyN ilKfrI afm krky aqy pMjfbI dy ilKfrI ivsLysL krky, qwq-Blwqf, CyqI CyqI, ibnF iksy Xog isKlfeI jF agvfeI dy ilKdy hn. Cwpdy hn. Cwpx dI koisLsL ivc rihMdy hn. afpxIaF “vYintI pRkfsLnf” (koloN pYsy dy ky QoVI igxqI dIaF CpvfeIaF aqy prfpq pusqkF) Auqy bilhfry jFdy Qwkdy nhIN. aqy iPr acfnk bhuqy CyqI hI Kqm vI ho jFdy hn. lyKk bnxf bhuq hI aOKf huMdf hY. kyvl ilKx dI iewCf kr lYxf hI sB-kuJ nhIN. lyKk dI ilKx iewCf ipwCy pwkI soc qF hoxI hI cfhIdI hY pr ilKx dI qknIk ivc inpuMnqf hfsl krn aqy idl iKcHvIN sLYlI dy mflk bxn leI bhuq aiBafs vI drkfrI hY.

gozn df ivcfr hY ik hr iek ilKfrI nUM qknIkI qOr qy ilKx dI isKlfeI lYky hI ilKx klf ivc inpuMnqf hfsl krnI cfhIdI hY. ilKx klf ivc inpuMnqf dI prfpqI dy XqnF ivc “shI pVHn aqy guVHn” dI afpxI iek ivsLysL QF hY. krqfrI ilKqF dy rcnhfrf bxn leI iksy prkfr dy “krIeyitv lyKx kors” lYxy BfvyN jLrUrI nhIN pr “cMgf ilKxf iswKx” leI kuJ Xog agvfeI aDIn imhnq qF loVINdI hI hY.

iek lyKk nUM “lyKk” ikhVf ivsLysL gux bxFdf hY? iksy vI mnuwK nUM ieh aihsfs ikvyN ho jFdf hY ik Auh ilwK skdf hY jF ilKx dI Xogqf rKdf hY. keI “lyKxI dy DnMqR” mMndy hn ik “mnuwK” nUM “ielhfm” hox vFg pqf lwg jFdf hoY ik Ausdf jnm hI ilKx leI hoieaf hY. jnm hI? hF, jnm hI. TIk ievyN hI, gozn df ivcfr hY ik ieMnHf (60 qoN vI vwD pusqkF) ilKx dy bfvjLUd vI AusnUM lwgdf hY ik Auh sLfied “lyiKkf” nhIN. khfxI lyiKkf nhIN. khfxIkfr qF jnm qoN huMdy hn. koeI vI, afpxy afp nUM jIvnI lyKk, lyK jF inbMD lyKk aqy pwqrkfr bxf skdf hY. pr ijMnI mrjLI vI imhnq kr leI jfvy, koeI afpxy afp nUM bwicaF df lyKk, khfxIkfr aqy nfvlkfr nhIN bxf skdf. ikAuN? ies leI ik iehnF sB leI iek lyKk nUM klpnf-meI hoxf pYNdf hY. BfvnfpUrn ho ky, AusfrU jgq df klpnf-meI icqr iKcHx ivc mfhr. gozn afpxy aijhy ivcfr rKx leI suqMqr hY. pr lyKk df ivcfr hY ik koeI vI lyKk aijhI krqfrI imhr qoN vFiJaF nhIN, swKxf nhIN. Xog agvfeI, lgfqfr ivsLvfsL Biraf isrV-Xukq aiBafs, hr mnuK (aqy lyKk) ivc klpnf sLkqI dy luky bIj nUM Puwtx aqy pRPLulq hox ivc shfeI huMdf hoY.

aqy ik lyKk jnm jfq nhIN huMdy. TIk AuvyN, ijvyN koeI vI jnm qoN hI iksy ivsLysL ikwqy jF kMm df mfhr nhIN huMdf. bwcf iswK ky hI mnuwK bxdf hY, mnuwKI gux hfsl krdf hY. lyKk vI, pihlF mnuwK huMdf hY. bwcy qoN mnuwK bxdf hY. ies leI lyKk vI, ilKx-klf ivc iek bwcy vFg hI iswK iswK ky bYTxf, irVHnf aqy qurnf iswKdf hY. izwgdf hY. mUMh BunfAuNdf hY. gozy rgVvf bihMdf hY. pr lgfqfr afpxI iswKx dI Dun ivc msq iswKidaF iswKidaF hI irVHn, qurn, lMbIaF pulFGF puwtx, dOVn aqy iPr EilMipk dOVF ivc vI ihwsf lYx dy Xog ho jFdf hY. rIAUmr gozn KusLiksmq rhI ik Ausny “isKlfeI” dI mhwqqf nUM pihcfixaf.

gozn nUM “Koj” ivc bhuq idlcspI rhI. AusnUM afpxIaF sfrIaF ikrqF ivcoN Auh rcnfvF ijLafdf ipafrIaF lgdIaF hn ijhnF ivc AusnUM Zyr sfrI Koj krnI peI. Ausny Koj ivcoN vI iek prkfr dI prsMnqf aqy qswlI prfpq kIqI. jykr ghu krIey qF nfvlkfr kI krdy hn? nfvlF ivc, smyN nUM bMnx leI nfvlkfr nUM bhuq Koj krky nf kyvl ipwT-BUmI hI iqafr krnI pYNdI hY sgoN smyN anukUl vfqfvrn vI Ausfrnf pYNdf hY. ieho hI kfrn hY ik hr lyKk leI pVHnf jLrUrI hY. ieh pVHnf iek prkfr nfl Koj hI hY. ilKqF ivcoN smyN dI Koj aqy afpxy afpy dI vI Koj.

gozn nUM afpxI pusqk “dI ihstrI afP dI pIkinjL ien lYijMz aYNz afrt” (The History of the Pekinese in Legend and Art) leI bhuq Koj krnI peI. ies islisly ivc Ausny afpxy pbilsLr rfhIN ‘cfeInIjL klcrl atYcI’ nUM pwqr ilKky puiCaf ik kI AuhnF pfsoN ‘pIkinjL’ sbMDI koeI lok-kQfvF jF lok-vfrqfvF iml skdIaF hn aqy ieh vI ik kI ies sbMD ivc ‘pIikMg’ ivc imlx vflIaF durlwB ‘klfikrqF’ dIaF qsvIrF iKcHx dI sMBfvnf hY. klcrl atYcI n,y bhuq hI idlcsp, do tuwk PYslf ilK Byijaf: sfnUM aijhy ivlfsI jF suwKBogI prjIvIaF sbMDI koeI jfxkfrI nhIN.

gozn nUM ieh pusqk ilKx leI lok-kQfvF aqy lok prMprfvF dI BrpUr jfxkfrI loVINdI sI. AusnUM Koj krn leI bhuq smF lgfAuxf ipaf. ilKx dI hr prikRaf leI hI Koj drkfrI hY.

lyKk, gozn dy ies ivcfr nfl sihmq hY ik ilKxf iek ivcfr meI kfrj huMdf hY. pr ivcfrF dI afpxI koeI insicq qor nhIN. kdy ivcfr dI rPLqfr DImI vI ho skdI hY aqy kdy qyjL vI. aqy iPr jdoN vlvilaF Bry ivcfrF df hVH afAuNdf hY qF lyKk dI kfnI nUM kory kfgjL Auqy dOVn leI bVI PurqI idKfAuxI pYNdI hY. gozn ny afpxy ivcfrF nUM prgt krn leI bhuq hI ivkfsmeI phuMc apnfeI. ieho hI kfrn hoY ik AusdIaF rcnfvF awj vI purfxIaF ho ky rwdI dI tokrI df isLMgfr nhIN bxIaF.

1939 ivc CpI AusdI iek pusqk “blYk nfrsIsws” (Black Narcissus)gozn dIaF sPLl ikrqF ivcoN iek hY. ies pusqk dy anuvfd bhuq sfrIaF hor bolIaF ivc vI hoey. ies pusqk ivc ‘ihmflf dI god’ ivc vsy ‘nnjL’ BfeIcfry sbMDI BrpUr jfxkfrI hY. ies pusqk dIaF keI nvIaF aYzIsLnF Cfpx dI loV peI. pMjfh vrHy pihlF pHkfsLq hoeIaF AusdIaF rcnfvF nUM “mYkimln pbilsLrjL” vloN muV Cfipaf jf irhf hY. 1950 ivc CpI iek CotI ijhI pusqk “dI storI afP holI aYNz afeIvI” (The Story of Holy and Ivy) dIaF igafrF aYzIsLnF CpIaF. 1930-40 ivc ijhnF ny AusdIaF rcnfvF df afnMd mfixaf, awj AuhnF dy bwcy aqy agoN AuhnF dy bwcy ieh pusqkF pVHky nf kyvl prsMnqf hfsl krdy hn sgoNN mfx df anuBv vI krdy hn. gozn dIaF awT pusqkF Auqy iPLlmF bxIaF. “ey PIAUz ien tfeIm” (A Feud in Time) Auqy ‘sYm golzivn’ ny “iencYNtmYNt”(Enchantment) nF dI iPLlm bxfeI. iPLlm ivc, pusqk nfloN kuJ qbdIlIaF kIqIaF geIaF ijhnF kfrn gozn QoVf inrfsL hoeI. jIn rInOier ny 1946 ivc Cpy Ausdy nfvl ‘dI irvr’ Auqy iPlm bxfeI. ‘grIngyj smr’ dI iPlm sikRpt ivc vI gozn BfeIvfl sI. 1955 ivc pRkfsLq AusdI iek hor rcnf ‘lOs afP ienosYNs, aYn aYpIjLoz afP spYro’, ijhVI ik lMzn dIaF glIaF dy sLrfrqI muMizaF nUM bVI KUbI nfl ibafndI hY, Auqy vI iPlm bxI.

ijvyN ik pihlF ijLkr kIqf sI ik rIAUmr gozn afpxIaF BYxF smyq bMgfl ivc rhI. ieQy hI Ausny afpxI BYx ‘jon gozn’ nfl imlky sFJIaF pusqkF ilKIaF. jon gozn ny AusdIaF pusqkF nUM iciqRaf. jon gozn ny vI nfvl ilKy. rIAUmr gozn aqy jon gozn ny imlky “tU aMzr dI ieMzIan sn” (Two Under the Indian Sun) nfmI pusqk ivc afpxy aYNglo ieMzIan bcpn df aiq suMdr sLbdF ivc ijLkr kIqf. mnuwKI jIvn ivc vfprn vflIaF suKfvIaFN aqy a-suKfvIaF GtnfvF df iswDf jF aiswDf prBfv mnuwK dy smuwcy ivAuhfr Auqy pYxoN nhIN rih skdf. gozn dIaF ilKqF ivc Ausdf afpxf jIvn JlkF mfrdf hY.

gozn ny 1934 ivc ‘lfrMs isMnklyar’ nF dy stok-brokr nfl ivafh krvfieaf. AuhnF dIaF do DIaF hoeIaF. iek puqr jnimaf pr CyqI hI mr igaf. 1936 ivc AuhnF dI pihlI DI ny jnm ilaf. gozn afpxI DI nUM krmF vflI ikAuN nf smJdI? ijs idn DI ny jnm ilaf, rIAUmr gozn df pihlf nfvl ‘cfeIinjL pjLl’ (Chinese Puzzle) pHRkfsLnf leI prvfn hoieaf. iesqoN pihlF Ausdy do nfvlF nUM nFh ho cuwkI sI. swq ku sfl ivafhuqf jIvn dI gwzI cMgI irVHdI geI pr iPr ijvyN gozn dy ivafhuqf jIvn nUM koeI kulihxI njLr lwg geI. 1941 ivc Ausdy pqI ny idvflf dy idwqf aqy romr gozn df iqafg kr idwqf. ies ipCoN romr gozn bwicaF nUM lY ky dfrjIilMg dy cfh bfgF dI iek iestyt ivc cly geI. iPr 1949 ivc Auh ‘jymjL lYjLlI hyNj izksn’ nfl ivafh krvfky ieMglYNz prq afeI. keI vrHy Auh ‘rfeI, ssYks’ ivKy rhI aqy ies smyN ‘zMmPirssLfier’ ivc rihMidaF ies Aumr ivc vI ilKx df kfrj kr rhI hY.

rIAUmr gozn ny zfierIaF vI ilKIaF. Ausny afpxy jIvn dy qjLribaF dy afDfr Auqy 1943 ivc ‘ruMglI-ruMglIat’ aqy 1945 ivc ‘bMgfl XrnI’ nF dIaF zfierIaF idwqIaF. iehnF ivc Ausny bMgfl ivc iesqrIaF dy kMmF df bhuq hI mhIn aqy jLhIn vyrvf idwqf. afpxy keI nfvlF ivc Ausny gBryt Aumr dI Bfvukqf aqy sMvydnsLIlqf df icqRx kIqf.

gozn ny bicaF leI vI iPksLn ilKI. 1947 ivc pRkfsLq ‘dI zoljL hfAUs’ ivc Ausny guzIaF-ptoilaF rfhIN bflgL jIvn qy smfj dy dvMd aqy hoxIaF df ijLkr kIqf hY. Ausdy nfvlF dI igxqI vIhF qoN Apr hY aqy lgpg ieMnIaF hI pusqkF Ausny bicaF leI ilKIaF. bwicaF leI ilKIaF pusqkF sbMDI gozn bhuq srqk hY. Ausdy ivcfr anusfr bwicaF leI ilKxf, nfvl ilKx nfloN vI aOKf hY. nfvl ilKidaF, nfvlkfr nUM KulH hY ik jykr Auh cfhy qF gwlF krdf krdf smyN dy keI koixaF nUM iewko kYnvs Auqy AulIk dyvy. Auh vrqmfn qoN BUq jF iPr BivwK dIaF glF kr skdf hY. pr bwicaF dIaF pusqkF ivc PlYsLbYk dI koeI QF nhIN. hF, jykr pfqrF df koeI BUq hY qF AusnUM vrqmfn ivc bdlxf pvygf. iek hor iDafn Xog gwl ik bwcy vyrvf nhIN psMd krdy. iesdy nfl hI bwicaF leI vrqy jfx vfly sLbd shI arQ dyx vfly hoxyy cfhIdy hn. gozn ies sbMD ivc pUrI qrHF cyqMn hY.

rIAUmr gozn ny sQfpq ho cuwky aqy nvyN lyKkF leI bhuq hI aihmIaq dIaF gwlF khIaF hn. pihlI gwl: iek lyKk nUM bhuq hI DImI rPLqfr nfl, ivcfrF dI soD ivc, smyN dI su-vrqoN kridaF iek bwJHy hoey aqy afpUM hI insicq kIqy anusfsLx ivc rihMidaF ilKxf cfhIdf hY. (hF, kdy kdy sLfied ieh anusfsLx qoVnf vI pvy ijvyN ik gozn keI bfr awDI rfqIN AuwT ky ilKx leI mjLbUr ho jFdI hY) .

dUjI gwl: kyvl pYsy leI hI ilKxf jF ilKx sbMDI socxf Auicq nhIN. quhfzI afpxI soc (ilKq) nUM jykr jfiejL ievjLfnf iml sky qF TIk hY.

qIjI gwl: afpxI aDUrI ilKq nf hI kdy iksy nUM idKfAu aqy nf hI kdy ies sbMDI gwl hI kro. ijs vyly iek lyKk afpxI aDUrI ilKq bfry iksy nfl gwl kr idMdf hY jF pVH ky suxf idMdf hY qF ieh ilKq AusdI nhIN rihMdI aqy jykr ieh ilKq pUrI vI ho jfvy qF ies ilKq ivcNo Auqwmqf aqy pivwqrqf inkl ky bfhr izwg pYNdI hY.