YY
|
kÈmIr
dy sUbydfr Èyr aPgfn Kfn dy aiqafcfrF qoN pIVq kÈmIrI
bRhfmxf df iek pRiqinD mMzl anMdpur sfihb ivc gurU qyg
bhfdr jI dI Èrn ivc af puijaf aqy AunFH awgy afpxy kÈt
invfrn ihq pRfrQnf kIqI . ivcfr ivc lIn hoey noNvyN gurU
jI ny ikhf ik "iksy mhfn Drmfqmf purÈ dy blIdfn nfl
hI AunFH df AuDfr ho skdf hY ." ipqf dy kol ibrfjmfn
nON virHaF dy bflk goibMd ny ikhf, " ipqf jI ! ies
smy quhfzy nfloN vzf Drmfqmf purK hor kOx hY ?" ieh
gwl suxky pRsMn icwq aqy pRyrq hoey gurU qyg bhfdr ny
kÈmIrI bRhfmxf nUM ikhf "jfE, aOrMgËyb nUM kih idE
- gurU nfnk dI gwdI Auqy ies smy nOvyN gurU qyg bhfdr
ibrfjmfn hn, jykr Eh ieslfm kbUl kr lYxgy qF sfnUM vI
afpxf Drm bdlx ivc koeI sMkoc nhIN hovygf .
ieh smfcfr imln Auqy aOrMgËyb dy dUq gurU sfihb nUM lYx
anMdpur afey .---------- gurU qyg bhfdr idwlI puwjy .
AunFH df Drm pRIvrqn krn leI keI Xqn kIqy gey . pRMqU
AunFH vloN ienFH Xqnf df Kuwlf ivroD dyK ky AunFH nUM pMj
idn kTor sËfvF idqIaF geIaF . pIx nUM pfxI qwk nhIN
idqf, msqk Auqy jldI hoeI ryq pfeI geI; BfeI mqI dfs nUMN
srIr dy ivckfroN cIiraf igaf ; BfeI idafl dfs nUM dygF'c
Aubfilaf igaf; BfeI sqI dfs nUM rUM ivc lpyt ky jIAUNdf
jlf idqf igaf . hux gurU mhfrfj dI vfrI sI . gurU jI ny
awKF bMd krky ieh bcn kIqy - "bFh ijnHF dI pkVIaY .
isr dIjY bFh n CoizaY ] ihMdU Drm dy kfrj ivc awj myrf
srIr sPl hovygf ." aqy 11 nvMbr 1675 eI: nUM idwlI
dy cFdnI cONk ivc Drm dI rfKI leI afpxy pMj Boiqk srIr df
blIdfn idqf . gurU jI df sIs DV nfloN judf kr idqf igaf .
awj df gurdvfrf sIs gMj ies mhfn ÈhIdI dI iek byimsfl
Xfd nUM qfËf krdf hY .
blIdfn
df pRyrk
aOrMgËyb dy rfj smy qurk hmlf afvrF nUM dyÈ qoN bfhr
kZx df Xqn cOhIN pfsIN ho irhf sI . mhfrfj Cqr sfl nUM
CqrpqI iÈvfjI mhfrfj ny muglF nUM KdyVn leI qlvfr idqI
sI . myvfV aqy BfrKMz iek dUjy nUM sihXog dy rhy sn .
gurU qyg bhfdr jI afp pUrbI Bfrq dy suqMqr rfijaF nUM
pihloN hI pRyrnf dy afey sn .
ipqf jI dy blIdfn AupRMq nON virHaF dI Aumr ivc hI
gurgwdI Auqy suBfiemfn hoey bfl gurU goibMd rfie ny awgy
vDx leI sfrf Bfr afpxy moiZaF qy cuwk ilaf . Bfrq dy hr
Bfg ivc PYlI hoeI iswK sMgq nUM aqy hor gurU Gr dy
pRymIaF nUM gurU qyg bhfdr jI ipCoN agvfeI dyx vflf bflk
goibMd rfie qoN ielfvf hor koeI nhIN sI ids irhf . adUqI
Èhfdq dI pRyrnf ipqf jI nUM dyx vfly mhfn spwuqR goibMd
rfie jI ny afqm iqafg aqy jfgrUkqf dI isiKaf ipqf dI
ÈhIdI qoN leI . pUjnIk ipqf jI dy ies mhfn blIdfn dI
aMqr afqmf qoN pRsMsf krdy hoxhfr spuwqR sRI gurU goibMd
rfie ny iliKaf :-
iqlk jÖUM rfKf pRBu qfkf ]
kIno bzo klU mih sfkf ]
sfDin hyq ieqI ijin krI ]
sIs dIXf pr sI n AucrI ]
TIkir Poir idlIis pRB pur kIXf pXfn ]
qyg bhfdr sI ikRaf krI n iknhUM afn ]
qyg bhfdr ky clq BXo jgq ko sok ]
hY hY hY sB jg BXo jY jY jY surlok ]
Kflsf
pMQ dI sQfpnf krn vfly dsvyN iswK gurU sRI gurU goibMd
isMG jI df pRkfÈ 26/12/1666 (poh sudI sqvIN - Xugf vMd
4769 ) nUM mfqf gujrI jI dI kuwKoN ptnf Èihr (ibhfr) ivc
hoieaf . AunFH idnf ivc afp jI dy ipqf gurU qyg bhfdr jI
pUrb Bfrq dI Xfqrf Auqy gey hoey sn . ipqf jI dy blLIdfn
qoN bfHd awT sfl qwk dsm gurU jI anMdpur sfihb hI rhy .
ienFH awwTF sflF ivc AunFH afpxI isiKaf pUrI kIqI, nfl dI
nfl afpxy iswKF nUM vI sMgTq kIqf . ies qoN ipCoN iqMn
virHaF qwk afp pONtf sfihb (ihmFcl pRdyÈ) ivKy rhy, ijQy
AunFH ny Gor sfDnf kIqI . ieQy hI afp ny pRiswD gRMQ
ikRÈnF avqfr qQf cMzI icRwqr dI rcnf kIqI . aKMz sfDnf
nfl AunFH ny srIrk, mfnisk aqy aiDafqmk ÈkqI df BrpUr
KËfnf afpxy ivakiqqv ivc jmfH kr ilaf . hux AunFH ny
aiqafcfr ivrwuD afpxI XuwD nIqI dI Xojnf Auqy aml krnf
ÈurU kr idqf . anMdpur dy afsy pfsy pwky ikly Ausfry,
afsy pfsy dy phfVI ihMdU rfijaF nUM vI muglF ivruwD
sihXog dyx leI iqafr kIqf . iesy smy ivc gurU goibMd rfie
jI dy ivruwD BYBIq hoey aOrMgËyb ny kuJ idwlI pRsq phfVI
rfijaF nUM gurU jI dy ivruwD lVn leI Byijaf . pRMqU AunFH
dI sPlqf nf hoeI .
durBfg nUM ies smy idwlI qoN zrdy aqy ÈkqI ÈflI mugl
sYnf qoN BYBIq Coty phfVI rfijaF ny gurU jI df sfQ Cwz
idqf. gurU jI gMBIr icMqn ivc pY gey . gurU jI ny inscf
kr ilaf ik dyÈ qy Drm dI riKaf leI iek nvF vrg KVf krnf
cfhIdf hY, nfl hI smfj ivcoN AUc nIc df Bfv vI dUr krnf
cfhIdf hY . ies mMqv dI pRfpqI Kflsf dy sfjxf dy rUp ivc
Aujfgr hoeI .
XoDf
rfÈtr purÈ
30 mfrc 1699 dI vYsfKI gurU goibMd rfie jI dy jIvn df iek
mhwqv pUrn idn hY jdoN AunFH Kflsf pMQ df inrmfx kIqf .
Aus idn AunFH ny siqluj df pivwqR jl aqy pqfsy , lohy dy
iek kVfhy ivc pfky afpxI ikrpfn nfl Gol, aMimRq iqafr
kIqf . afpxy pMj ipafiraF nUM aMimRq dI dfq bKÈI aqy ieh
aYlfn kr idqf ik ieh awj qoN isMG pdvI dy aDIkfrI ho gey
.
gurU jI ny AunFH qoN aMimRq Cikaf aqy afpxf nfm goibMd
rfie qoN goibMd isMG riKaf . AunFH ipafiraF nUM pUrI
afpxy ijnI brfbrqf pRdfn kIqI .(iehnF dy nfvF bfry-myrf
lyK 'pMj ipafry' pVHo)
dyKidaF hI bhuq iswKF ny aMimRq pfn krky iek mËbUq jQf
kfXm kr ilaf . Kflsf pMQ dI sQfpnf AupRMq gurU jI ny 2
GoÈnfvF kIqIaF :-
1 'rMkn ko mYN rfj idlfAUN' - sfry ihMdU iek ho jfE .
2 ibdyÈI rfj df aMq krky, Bfrq vfsIaF nUM KudmuKiqafrI
bKÈxI .
ies sMklp nUM pUrf krn leI afp afpxI sfrI Aumr jUJdy rhy
. jfq pfq qoN Aupr AuT ky iek rs smfj df inrmfx kIqf .
XuwD
pRqI XuwD
Kflsy
dI sQfpnf dI CyqIN hI bfHd muglF dI cnOqI iml geI . sMn
1701 eI ivc iqMn XuwD lVny pey . vfihgurU jI kf Kflsf aqy
sRI vfihgurU jI kI Pqih dy jYkfiraF nfl isMG XuwD ivc
kuwd pey . itwzI dl mugl sYnf mYdfn Cwzx ivc mjbUr ho geI
.
anMdpur
df cOQf XwuD
do sfl ÈFqI qoN bfHd gurU goibMd isMG jI ny pRcfr rfhIN
POj ivc vfDf kIqf. 1703 eI: anMdpur qy qIjf hmlf hoieaf
aqy ies XuD ivc vI muglF nUM krfrI hfr KfxI peI .
aOrMgËyb Aus smy dwKx ivc ihMdU rfijaF iKlfP afpxI
muihwm ivc juitwaf hoieaf sI . pMjfb ivc gurU goibMd isMG
jI dIaF vD rhIaF ÈkqIaF df vI Aus nUM pqf lgI jf irhf sI
. Kflsy dI ies ÈkqI nUM smfpq krn leI Ausny sYd Kfn
idwlI dy ispfh slfr nUM anMdpur sfihb qy hmlf krn leI
hukm idqf pRMqU gurU sfiohb jI df rUhfnI jlO qk ky hI sYd
KFn gurU jI df murId bx igaf . ieh anMdpur df cOQf XuwD
sI .
arok
sfhs
awT
mhIinaF qoN gurU aqy sYnf XwuD ivc juwty rhy - rfÈx pfxI
Kqm ho igaf . ikly ivc bycYnI PYl geI . hux dsm jI ny
anMdpur Czx df PYslf kr ilaf . sMn 1708 eI: dy poh mhIny
dI CtI rfq nUM afpxy pRIvfr aqy sYnkF nfl cfly pf idqy .
hfly kIrqpur qk hI phuMcy sn ik muglF ipCf krnf ÈurU kr
idqf . srsf ndI qy muglF ny gurU jI nUM Gyr ilaf . srsf
ndI pfr kridaF gurU jI df pRIvfr ivCV igaf . afpxy do
puqrF ajIq isMG qy juJfr isMG nfl ropV nUM ho qury . ropV
dy pTfxf nfl lVdy hoey cmkOr dI gVIH phuMc gey . Aus vyly
AunFH nfl isrP cflI isMG bfkI rih gey sn . cmkOr dI gVHI
qy gurU jI ny kbËf kr ilaF . muglF ny gVHI nUM Gyrf pf
ilaf .
ajIq
qy juJfr df blIdfn
cmkOr ivKy Gor sMgrfm micaf aqy iesy dOrfn puqr ajIq isMG
ny gurU jI qoN jMg ivc jfx dI afigaf mMgI . ipqf ny 18
sflf ajIq nUM gl nfl lfieaf . ajIq isMG lVdy hoey ÈhId
ho gey . BfeI df blIdfn dyK ky juJfr df KUn vI KOilaf aqy
afpxy Brf vFgUM rx ivc lVn dI afigaf mMgI . afigaf imlx
qy vIr juJfr vI afpxy vzy Brf vFgU aqy muglF nUM mOq dy
pfr Auqfrdf vIrgqI pRfpq kr igaf .
Ëorfvr
isMG aqy Pqih isMG df blIdfn
1704 eI: dy dsMbr mhIny ivc srsf ndI nUM pfr kridaF
sfihbËfdf Ëorfvr isMG afXU 9 brs aqy Pqih isMG afXU 7
vrs gurU jI dI mfqf gujrI jI dy nfl afpxy purfxy lFgrI
gMgU dy ipMz cly gey pRMqU gMgU ny AunFH nUM srhMd dy
nvfb dy hvfly kr idqf . nvfb ny ikly dy sB qoN Auprly
burj ivc iqMnF nUM hI kYd kr idqf . dovyN mfsUm bicaF nUM
nvfb dy drbfr ivc hfËr kIqf igaf . sfihbËfidaF ny nvfb
dy sfhmxy sIs nhIN Jukfieaf, sfry drbfr ivc hlcl mc geI .
nvfb ny puiCaf qF Ëorfvr isMG ny jvfb idqf, "sfzf
isr isrP pRmfqmf dy awgy hI Juk skdf hY jF afpxy gurU
ipqf dy awgy - hor iksy dy awgy nhIN ."
nvfb ny GUrky bicaF nUM Dmkfx dI koÈÈ kIqI aqy ikhf ik
ieslfm nUM svIkfr kr lvo qy asIN quhfnUM bfdÈfhIaF
dvFgy, nhIN qF quhfnUM jfn qoN mfr idqf jfvygf . kVk ky
Pqih isMG ny jvfb idqf, "Èyr mOq qoN kdI nhIN zrdy
." donF bflkF ny afpxf Drm Czx qoN sfP ienkfr kr
idqf . bflkF nUM kMD ivc icxvf dyx df hukm ho igaf .
kMD pihlF Pqih isMG dy gly qk af geI . vzy Brf dIaF awKF
ivc aQrU af gey . Pqih isMG ny puiCaf, "vIr jI,
quhfzy ihrdy ivc koeI kmËorI qF nhIN af geI ik rox lwg
pey ho ?" Ëorfvr isMG ny Auqr idqf "qUM Cotf
eyN ! pRMqU mYQoN pihlF Drm Auqy blI cVH irhf ey . qUM
bfËI pihlF ijq igaf pr hwk myrf sI ."
DMn hY gurU goibMd isMG aqy DMn hn AunFH dy blIdfnI puwqr
. puqrF dy blIdfn df smfcfr suxidaF hI mfqf gujrI jI ny
vI afpxy nyqr bMd krky vfihguruU df ismrn krnf ÈurU kr
idqf aqy iesy prkfr pRlok isDfr gey . jdoN gurU goibMd
isMG jI nUM ies Èhfdq df smfcfr imilaf qF AunFH
Prmfieaf, "cfr mUey qo ikaf hUaf, jIvq keI
hËfr"
ËPrnfmf
srihMd dy nvfb dy kihr aqy dovyN Coty puqrF dy blIdfn df
smfcfr suxky sMn 1705 eI: nUM gurU jI ny afpxf ieiqhfsk
pwqr aorMgËyb nUM iliKaf jo ieiqhfs ivc ËPrnfmf krky
pRisD hY --------
" mUrK, qUM afpxy afp nUM aOrMgËyb, Bfv isMGfsn dI
ÈoBf, aKvfAuNdf hY . kI kdI qyry ijhf ZoNgI, PrybI kfql
aqy mkfr ihMsk BI ÈoBf ho skdf hY ? kOx nhIN jfxdf ik
qyry hwQ ivc PVI hoeI mflf Pryb df hI jfl hY." ieho
jhIaF iPtkfrF pVHn bfdH hI aorMgËyb ies jhfny PfnI qoN
kUc kr igaf .
rfÈtr dI eykqf df Xqn
mrhwty aqy iswK ÈkqI nUM sMgTq krky, mugl ÈkqI Aupr
hmlf krn dy AudyÈ nUM mn ivc lYky gurU mhfrfj ny dwKx vl
jfx df ivcfr bxfieaf . sMn 1706 eI: nUM Eh dwKx vl jfx
nUM qur pey . jd Auh ajmyr dy kol sn qF AunFH nUM
aOrMgËyb dI mOq dI Kbr imlI . gurU jI iqMn idn icqOV dy
ikly ivc rhy aqy ipCoN AujYn huMdy hoey nrmdf pfr krky
dwKx vl nUM kUc kr idqf . godfvrI dy kol iek afÈrm ivc
mfDodfs nF df iek bYrfgI, gurU jI nUM imilaf . rqnf dy
pfrKU gurU jI ny bYrfgI nUM vyKidaF hI pihcfx ilaf ik ieh
ÈkqI ÈflI Xug purÈ hY jo iekFq ivc afpxf smf guaf irhf
hY . bYrfgI vI gurU jI qoN bhuq pRBfvq hoieaf . kuJ smy
ipCoN bYrfgI mfDo dfs aMimRq Ckky gurbKÈ isMG bx igaf,
pr ieiqhfs ivc bMdf bhfdr kr ky pihcfinaf igaf . bMdf
bYrfgI ny srhMd dy nvfb nUM Aus dy kukrmf df zMz idqf .
muglF ivc bhfdr bMdy df BY Cf igaf - anyk Kyqr bMdf bhfdr
ny ijqky aËfd krvf idqy, pRMqU aMq ivc AunFH nUM PVky
idwlI ilaFdf igaf . idwlI dy cFdnI cONk ivc iek idn ivc
hI 700 isKF df kqly afm hoieaf . bMdy bhfdr dy bwcy nUM
Ausdy sfhmxy kql krky Ausdf klyjf Aus dy mUMh ivc quinaf
igaf . lohy dIaF grm slfKF nfl bMdy dy srIr nUM dfigaf
igaf, dovyN awKF kZIaF geIaF, srIr dy aMg kwty gey qF vI
bMdy ny muslmfn bxnf svIkfr nf kIqf . afpxf blIdfn dy ky
bMdf bYrfgI amr ho gef .
aorMgËyb dy kfl ivc ieiqhfs dI ikiraf qlvfr sI jo hr smy
jnqf dy KUn dI ipafsI rihMdI sI . ies qlvfr dI Dfr nUM
KuMZI krn leI aqy iesdI ipafs buJOx leI Aus smy cfr ivrft
mhFpurKF ny BrpUr Xogdfn pfieaf - ieh sn CqrpqI iÈvfjI,
gurU goibMd isMG jI , myvfV dy mhfrfjf rfj isMG aqy
Cqrsfl buMdyl sn - ijnFH ny lgfqfr XuwD krky nf kyvl
Ëulm dI ieslfmI qlvfr nUM KuMZf kIqf sgoN iesdy tukVy
tukVy kr idqy .
GoÈnf
iek
vfrI puÈkr qIrQ dI Xfqrf Auqy gey iksy ivakqI ny afp qoN
puiCaf, "qusIN Kflsf pMQ ikAuN clf rhy ho?"
gurU jI ny Auqr idqf, "ieh Kflsf pMQ afrIaf Drm,
gAU, bRhfmx, sfDU, grIb aqy dIn duKIaF dI riKaf krn leI
bxfieaf hY . mYN vI ieho kfrj kr irhf hF aqy myrf Kflsf
vI sdf ieho syvf inBfvygf ."
mhF
cMzI Xwg
dÈmyÈ
jI mhfrfj ny iek sfl qk clx vflf aKMz mhF cMzI Xwg kIqf .
mfqf BvfnI ny drÈn idqy aqy pukfr kIqI ik koeI vr mMgo.
gurU jI boly:-
idE vr mfqf pMQ AupfvhUM .
qurk rfj ko iqh KpfvhUM .
(ieh Xwg BgOqI ÈkqI dI arfDnf sI-myrf lyK 'BgOqI inrxY'
pUry vyrvy leI pVHo)
muglF
nfl do do hwQ
hr iek Kflsf svf lwK mugl sYnkF nUM cnOqI dyx vflf bx
igaf . mugl sYnf smuMdr dIaF lihrF vFg kys gVH, loh gVH,
Pqih gVH aqy anMd gVH nfl tkrONdI rhI aqy ivKrdI rhI,
pRMqU gurU goibMd isMG jI df vfl vI ivMgf nf kr skI .
anykF tukiVaF ivc vMizaf hoieaf ihMdU smfj iek nvF mfrg
pRfpq krky qurk hmlfvrF dy sfhmxy nMvy afqm ivÈvfs nfl
zt igaf . gurU jI dy idqy hoey mMqr ny smfj ivc ajyhI
jfgrqI ilaf idqI ik afKrkfr muglF dI ÈkqI Bfrq ivc
inrmUl ho geI, aqy pUry Auqr pCwm ivc mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG
df rfj kfiem ho igaf .
Cfqr
qyj aqy bRhm qyj
gurU
goibMd isMG jI mhfrfj AunFH mhfpurÈF ivcoN sn jo XuwD vI
krdy sn aqy nfloN nfl Auc kotI dy sfihqkfr vI sn . AunFH
dy jIvn ivc ienFH kfrjF df ivlwKx Xogdfn hY . Auh
sMsikRq, ihMdI, bRj, arbI, PfrsI aqy pMjfbI BfÈfvF dy
mfhr sn . AunFH dI qor inrMqr sI aqy akwt sI . Auh sPl
XoDy aqy Auqwm kvI sn . AunFH df afdrÈ iek akfl purK dI
BgqI sI . sRI rfm, sRI ivÈnU, sRI ikRÈn, pRfkrmI BImsYn
aqy mhFrQI arjun ÈkqI dy pRqIk sn . AunFH dy pRyrnf sroq
vyd, AupinÈd purfx aqy gIqf sn .
AudyÈ
skl jgq my Kflsf pMQ gfjY .
jgY Drm ihMduk qurkn duMd BfjY . (Cwky CMd -AugRdMqI)
AunfH
dI ieh grj BulfeI nhIN jf skdI - jo AunFH ny Kflsf pMQ dI
sQfpnf dy ipCoN aYlfn kIqI sI .
sMpUrn
dyÈ dy
AunFH dI dirÈtI ivc sMpUrn Bfrq mF df iek jfgdf srUp sI
. Auh afpxy afp rfKy aqy iek pRBU dy pujfrI sn . Auh dUr
idRÈtI vfly mhFrQI sn . Auh ibhfr, rfijsQfn, Auqr
pRdyÈ, mwD pRdyÈ aqy mhFrfÈtr afid pRdyÈF ivc XuwD df
ibgl bjfAuNdy hoey - rfq idn agrsr rhy .
qpwsvI
Auh mhfn sfDk aqy qpwsvI sn . AunFH dy pUrb jnm dI
hymkuMt ivKy kIqI hoeI qpwisaf nUM ikvyN Bulfieaf jf skdf
hY ? AunFH afp ricaf hY :-
hym kuMt prbq hY jhF,
spq isRMg siBq hY qhF,
qh hm aDk qpwisaf sfDI,
mhF kfl kflkf arfDI .
AunFH dI afqm kQf 'bicwqR nftk' ivc afpxy pUrbly jnm df
vyrvy sihq vrnx kIqf hY .
***
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