lyKk aqy ilKq---1

zf: guridafl isMG rfey
(pusqk "brqfnvI klmF" ivwcoN)

lyKk iewk bhu-arQ rwKdf Èbd hY. pMjfb XUnIvristI dy Èbd-koÈ dy pMnf 1029 anusfr, lyKk Èbd nFv hY aqy iesdf arQ hY: iksy vI ilKq df krqf, ikqfb df rcxhfr, gRMQkfr, munÈI jF klrk. ƒlyKxIƒ df arQ hY: klm df stfeIl, ilKx df sfDn. iesqoN awgy ivsQfirq arQF leI hor ivcfr krnI bxdI hY. pr hwQly mMqv leI asIN ƒlyKkƒ Èbd df arQ iksy vI ilKq df krqf, ikqfb df rcxhfr aqy gRMQkfr hI lvFgy BfvyN ik ieqihfs, BUgol, smfj ivigafn, arQ-ÈfÈqr, rfjnIqI afid iviÈaF dy lyKk vI iehnF arQF aDIn hI afAuNdy hn. iPr vI asIN afpxI ivcfr df srokfr isrjxfqimk jF sfihqk ilKqF dy lyKkF qwk hI sImq rKFgy. AuNJ asIN ies gloN sucyq hF ik isrjxfqimk lyKk vI afpxy ƒsbkOniÈȃ ivc afpxy afly duafly dy hr iewk ivÈy nUM iksy nf iksy rUp ivc smoeI rwKdy hn aqy afpxIaF ilKqF ivc sihj-suBf vrnx vI krdy rihMdy hn.

lyKk, ilKx kfrx hI lyKk huMdf hY. ilKxf, lyKk df iewk ËrUrI krm hY. ilKxf kI hY? sB qoN pihlI gwl: ilKxf iewk mkfnkI/mÈInI (mkYnIkl) klf hY. dUjI gwl: mkfnkI ilKxf (awKrF dI bxqr aqy Èbd/vfk ilKxy afAux AuprMq) ies ilKx ivc ivcfr smfANdy hn. ivcfrF dI pyÈkfrI ilKx klf df iewk aMg hY. ieMJ ilKxf, ƒmkYnIklƒ aqy ivcfrF nUM ivakq krn dI klf hY. mkfnkI ilKxf jF ilKxf iswKxf vI kiTn kfrj hY pr muwZlf ilKxf iswKx AuprMq ivcfrF dI sFJ pfAux aqy ilKq nUM isrjxf df rUp dyxf hor vI kiTn kfrj hY.

ilKx dy nfl nfl hI pVHn df vI afpxf sQfn hY. AuNJ qF ilKx dy nfl nfl hI pVHn df kfrj vI cldf hI rihMdf hY pr ilKx df kfrj, pVHn nfloN vI aOKf aqy akfa dyx vflf huMdf hY. ilKxf aqy pVHnf iewk dUjy dy pUrk hI hn. ies leI jykr koeI lyKk, pVHn dy nfl nfl ilKx dI pRikiraf nUM vI sucwjqf nfl spMn kry qF Aus lyKk df ilKxf suafdlf, lfBdfiek aqy sfrQk bxidaF siQr rihxf ho jFdf hY. AuNJ lyKk dI ieh QF sihjy hI nhIN bxdI. pr jykr iewk lyKk 'mkYnIkl' qOr qy klm PV ky afpxI mfniskqf nUM ilKx leI iqafr kr lvy qF smJ ilaf jfxf cfhIdf hY ik 'lyKk dI rcnf' dy kfrj nUM rsqf iml igaf.

iewQy ieh gwl kihxI kuQFh nhIN hovygI ik 'mkYnIkl' ilKxf afAux AuprMq, ijvyN ik ivcfr kIqI hY ik ilKxf AuNJ hI aOKf aqy qrwdd df kMm hY pr iksy vI svY isrjy jF AuplwBd bMDn qoN ibnF suqMqrqf nfl jo vI mn ivc afey aqy cMgf lwgy, aijhf, ilKxf bhuq hI kiTn aqy gMBIr kfrj hY. sfzy mUMh afey bolF Auqy lwgy inaMqrx vFg hI lyKk dI ilKq Auqy vI keI qrHF dIaF rokF-tokF jF inaMqrx huMdy hn. iewQoN qwk ik inwjI aqy afpxy sfk-sMbMDIaF ivckfr ivcfr-vtFdry (pwqr afid) leI vrqIaF jFdIaF ilwKqF vI aksr bhuq iDafn mMgdIaF hn aqy lyKk ƒjo mn afvyƒ nhIN ilKdf BfvyN ik Aus Auqy koeI rok vI nf lgfeI geI hovy. pr hwQly mMqv leI sfzf iDafn aijhIaF ilwKqF sbMDI bxdf hY ijhnF dI prkfÈnf kfrn 'lyKk' afpxI ilKq leI AuwqrdfeI huMdf hY.

asl ivc ies gwl nUM cMgI qrHF lV bMnH lYxf cfhIdf hY ik jdoN qwk iewk lyKk ny klm nfl kuJ nhIN iliKaf, sfrI ivcfr aqy ilKq dI rUp-ryKf Auusdy idwl-idmfg aMdr ismtI peI rhygI pr jdoN aqy ijAuN hI lyKk ny klm df prXog kr ilaf qF lyKk pfs 'ilKq dI pUrqI' dI qswlI qoN ibnF kuJ vI bfkI nhIN bwcdf aqy iesqoN vI awgy jykr ilKx AuprMq lyKk nUM qswlI nf hoeI aqy bdiksmqI nfl lyKk dI ilKq CwNp geI qF iPr lyKk vloN ilKy gey hr iewk awKr-Èbd leI kyvl 'lyKk' hI iËMmyvfr huMdf hY, hor koeI nhIN. pfTkF dI kcihrI ivc iPr lyKk dI koeI vI vkflq nhIN kr skdf.

ies leI 'gwl' iblkul swc aqy spÈt hY. ijqnf icr gwl quhfzy-sfzy bulHF dy drF aMdr bMd hY, gwl sfzI hY, quhfzI hY. pr jdoN aqy ijvyN hI bulH KulHy, jIB ihwlI, gwl mUMhoN qIr vFg inkl geI qF gwl sfzI jF quhfzI nf rhI. TIk ievyN hI ijs pwl klm rUpI jIB ihwlI aqy klm ny kfgË Auqy gwl AuglI qF ieh gwl (ilKq) lyKk dI nf bx ky pfTk dI bx jFdI hY. aqy iPr Xqn krn qy vI khI hoeI gwl vfps lYxI kiTn ho jFdI hY aqy keI vfr lyKk leI afqmGfqI vI sfbq huMdI hY. inscY hI lyKk aqy AusdI ilKq Auqy bVI vwzI iËMmyvfrI afAuNdI hY. pr lyKk ilKdf hY aqy ilKxf cfhuMdf hY.

hr iewk lyKk, ilKx AuprMq Cpxf loVdf hY aqy Cwpdf vI hY. lyKk ies leI ilKdf hY ik Aus pfs ilKx leI, kihx leI kuJ nf kuJ huMdff hY. AusdI CfqI ivc qpidwk dy kItfxMUaF vFg koeI 'kihx jogI gwl' kurbl kurbl krdI qMg kr rhI huMdI hY. lyKk df mn-idmfg aÈFq huMdf hY. aijhI hflq ivc jykr Auh cfhy qF ies sfrI AuwQl-puwQl nUM Jwt-pwt hI kfgË Auqy Auqfr skdf hY. pr jykr Auh kyvl pwqrkfr nhIN aqy iewk lyKk hY qF Auh aijhf nhIN krygf. AusnUM afpxy idRÈtIkox, smfj pRqI afpxy krqwv kfrn aqy klm pRqI afpxI eImfndfrI nUM muwK rwKidaF kuJ bMDnF ivc rihMidaF afpxI ilKq ivc kFt-CFt, soD-suDfeI, vfDy-Gfty krny pY skdy hn. iesqoN vI vwD jykr Ausny Cwpxf hY qF AusnUM Cwpx ihwq cuxy gey pricaF dIaF loVF df jfieËf lY ky, inXmF-AupinXmF dI pflnf kridaF, kuJ bMDnF ivc bwJHidaF afpxI ilKq nUM kwtxf, vDfAuxf aqy sMvfrnf pvygf. keI vfr ieh kFt-CFt nf kyvl bfhrI qOr qy ilKy gey pYiraF, vfkF jF ÈbdF dI hI hovygI sgoN keI vfrI lyKk dy ivcfrF dI idwK nUM vI vwDxf-Gwtxf pvygf. AuNJ iesdf ieh arQ hrigË nhIN ik lyKk afpxy idwl-idmfg dI eImfndfrI qoN munkr ho ky afpxf shI mMqv lukf ky JUT boly. iesdy Ault, sgoN Auh aijhy Xog ÈbdF dI cox krygf ijhnF rfhIN Auh bybfkI nfl afpxI CfqI Tok ky afpxI ivcfrDfrf pfTkF dy rUbrU pyÈ kr sky. ieh sMBfvnf vI ho skdI hY ik ik Cfpx vfly prcy dIaF nIaq hwdF-mwdF kfrn hflF vI lyKk dI ilKq nf Cwp sky aqy AusnUM afpxI ilKq ivc hor kFt-CFt krn leI mËbUr hoxf pvy. pusqk rUp ivc vI afAux vflI ilKq ivc lyKk nUM pfTkF dI mnodÈf aqy mno-idÈf df igafn hoxf loVINdf hY. ieMJ lyKk Auqy keI bMDn hn.

lyKk dI ilKq Auqy lwgdy bMDnF ivc 'klf klf leI' aqy 'klf smfj leI' dy bMDn vI afAuNdy hn. iewQy bhuqy ivsQfr dI guMjfieÈ nhIN. kyvl ieh kihxf cfhFgf ik 'lyKk' dI 'ilKq klf' ny kyvl 'klf' df hI rUp nhIN Dfrn krnf sgoN aijhI 'klf' df rUp Dfrn krnf hY ijhVI smfj leI ihwqkfrI hovy. ieh TIk hY aqy ies gwl nfl sihmq hoieaf jf skdf hY ik 'lyKk' afpxy inwj dy afnMd aqy sMquÈtI leI ilKdf hY aqy pVHdf hY. pr cMgI ilKq df mMqv inwj dI sMquÈtI jF afnMd qoN awgy jFidaF lokF nfl vI sMbMDq hY. lyKk Auqy ieh bMDn, lyKk vloN afpxy afp Auqy lgfeIaF geIaF inrDfrq kImqF df hY. lyKk leI ieh gwl iDafn rwKx vflI hY ik 'ilKx klf' koeI 'afcfr' nhIN hY. ies leI ilKx klf ivc sdfcfr lwBx dI koiÈÈ krnI TIk AuvyN hI hY ijvyN koeI ihsfb ivc sdfcfr lwBx dI koiÈÈ kry. ies qwQ Auqy keI ikMqU-prMqU AuTfey jf skx dI guMjfieÈ hY. hrigË ieh arQ nhIN ik lyKk sdfcfrI nhIN huMdf jF AusnUM sdfcfrI nhIN hoxf cfhIdf. iesdf ieh arQ vI nhIN ik lyKk ny sdfcfr leI nhIN ilKxf. 'lyKk' nUM afpxI klm pRqI eImfndfrI vrqidaF afpxy pfTkF dI kcihrI ivc afpxf shI rUp lY ky hI afAuxf cfhIdf hY.

iewQy iewk Audfhrx dy ky ivcfr nUM awgy vDfAux df Xqn hY. Bfrq ivc vwsdy lokIN afm krky aqy ivdyÈF ivc vwsdy prvfsI ivÈyÈ krky, ivafh-ÈfdIaF dy mOikaF Auqy jF dIvflI afid iqAuhfrF dy mOikaF Auqy afiqÈbfËI clfAuNdy hn, ptfky vjfAuNdy hn aqy PuwlJVIaF iKVfAuNdy hn. vDfeI dy kfrz vMzy jFdy hn. ivafh dy mOikaF qy hux qF vlfieq ivc vI bYNz-vfjy vjfey jFdy hn. kfrF dy huMidaF suMidaF lfiVaF nUM GoVIaF Auqy cVHfieaf jFdf hY aqy iPr vwzy vwzy hotlF/hflF ivc pRIqI Bojn idwqy jFdy hn. iesdy nfl hI BFq BFq dy izsko-zFs aqy BMgVf pfrtIaF df prbMD kIqf jFdf hY. murgy BuMny jFdy hn aqy ÈrfbF AuwzdIaF hn. mËydfr gwl ieh hY ik ieh sB kridaF kI Bfrq aqy kI brqfnIaF jF dUjy hor dyÈF ivc vwsdy BfrqI mUl dy vfsI 'iewk Kfs iksm df afnMd jF sMquÈtI' prfpq krdy hn. ieh sMquÈtI aqy afnMd prfpq kridaF lokIN hËfrF-lwKF rupey (pONz aqy zflr) kuJ GMitaF ivc hI brbfd kr idMdy hn. hwz qoVvIN imhnq nfl jF ivAupfr rfhIN kmfieaf pYsf pwl do pwl dI vfh vfh ivc suafh ho jFdf hY. ieqnf pYsf brbfd kridaF lokIN afnMd lYNdy hn pr iksy df hOslf nhIN pYNdf ik koeI iksy nUM mUrK kih skx dI ihMmq kr sky aqy afKy ik ieh pYsf iksy loVvMd leI vriqaf jfvy qF ikMnf cMgf hovy. keI vfr asIN Kuwd hI aijhI mUrKqf ivc Èfml ho ky afnMd mfxdy hF. Blf ikAuN?

aijhI mUrKqf ivc asIN Kuwd vI aqy dUjy lokIN vI ies leI Èfml huMdy hF ik afnMd df, sMquÈtI df vI afpxf iewk nvyklf mhwqv hY. ieMJ hI lyKk dI 'ilKq' ivcoN vI afnMd iml skdf hY aqy imlxf vI cfhIdf hY. koeI vI ilKq jykr afpxI hoNd kfrn sfzy mn nUM Bfa jfvy jF afnMidq kr jfvy qF BfvyN Auh 'ilKq' Aupr drj brbfdI dy sfDnF vFg jIvn nUM piqq krn dI smrQf vI rwKy, qF vI Ausdf afpxf mhwqv hY. pr ieh gwl suBfivkqf dI hY, lgfqfr inXmbwD ilKq dI nhIN. lyKk sdf hI iewk bMDn ivc hY. lyKk nUM sdf hI ies bMDn ivc rihxf cfhIdf hY ik AusdI ilKq ny suBfivk huMidaF hoieaF vI lok kilafxkfrI ho ky affpxf sdf-bhfr sfrQk pRBfv Cwzxf hY. iewk hor qrHF vI ivcfr krnI bxdI hY.

awj kl kyvl Bfrq ivc hI nhIN sgoN sMsfr dy hr iewk dyÈ ivc hI aprfDF ivc vfDf ho irhf hY. awj corI, zkYqI, kql, blfqkfr, jUaf, vysvf-gmnI, iesqrIaF Auqy Ëulm, hfeI jYikMg, vwK-vfd, awqvfd, niÈaF dI durvrqoN aqy Drm dy nF Auqy TwgIaF-vfDy afid kurIqIaF df bol bflf hY. iewk lyKk tIvI, ryzIAu, aKbfrF afid rfhIN prfpq Auprokq idwqI jfxkfrI dy prBfv qoN ikvyN vFiJaF rih skdf hY? arQfq lyKk ivc sMvydnf hY. ies leI iewk lyKk afpxIaF ilKqF ivc iehnF sB BYVIaF hrkqF df vrnx qF krygf pr Auh iksy hIly vI iehnF dI puÈtI nhIN krygf. nFh-vfck aqy ZfhU gwlF leI Auh kdy vI hfmI nhIN Brygf. lyKk qF vfh lwgdy iehnF dI inMdf hI krygf pr klfmeI ZMg nfl aqy klf rfhIN suBfieky hI koeI suJf vI Èfied dy jfvygf. pr iewk lyKk, lyKk hox dy nfqy iehnF ivruwD lVn dI ihmfkq krdf ÈoBf nhIN dyvygf. hF, lyKk leI qF afpxf sunyhf loVINdI qfkq ---- BfvyN Auh lok qfkq hovy aqy BfvyN swqf --- qwk pucf dyxf bxdf hY. ieh bMDn AusdI klm dI bMDyj df hY. iesdy Ault, jykr Auh afpxI ilKq ivc eImfndfrI nfl Auprokq aqy aijhy hor msilaF vl sMkyq nhIN krdf qF shI arQF ivc Auh doÈI hY.

ies leI, lyKk leI ËrUrI hY ik Auh ilKy AuhI jo AusdI afqmf prvfn kry pr ilKy soc smJ nfl aqy pfTk dy afnMd aqy ihwq nUM sdf sfhmxy rwKidaF hI. koeI vI lyKk, lokF dy sMmUhk ihwqF qoN bfhrI gwl krky bhuqI dyr lyKk nhIN rih skdf. aijhy lyKk df iewk idn nMgy hoxf inscq hY.