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| mnuKI sYks: sLrmfAux dI nhIN smJx dI loV hY ![]() lyKk : zf: hrcMd isMG srihMdI |
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mnuKI sYks: lyKk : zf: hrcMd isMG srihMdI asIN afpxy jIvn df afrMBk sPLr, nr qy mdIn jxn aMgF rfhIN qYa krky, 280 idn bcydfnI ivc ieMqjLfr krn AuprMq, ies jhfn ivc afey hF, pr ies cmqkfrI sPLr bfry jfxkfrI hfsl krn leI asIN bhuqy Auqsuk nhIN hF. ajIb gl hY ik sfzy ivcoN bhuqy ieh jfxn leI qF bycYn hn ik DrqI qoN 238,000 mIl dI ivQqy, cMn dI sqh Auqy kI vfpr irhf hY pr ieh jfxn dy cfhvfn nhIN ik sfzI afpxI DuMnI dy 6 ieMc Qly kI kuJ ho irhf hY, Bfv jxn aMgF dIaF hYrfnIjnk ikirafvF nUM smJx df Xqn nhIN krdy. nr qy mdIn jxn aMg kudrq dI rcnfqimk klHf df adBuq nmUnf pysL krdy hn, pr asIN, pqf nhIN ikAuN, ies ajUby nUM lgfqfr axgOilaf krI jf rhy hF, ijvyN ipqf-purKI lIh hI bx cukI hovy. jIvn dIaF cfr muK loVF hn. sB qoN pihlF hvf, Pyr pfxI, ies qoN bfad KuLrfk aqy aMqm qOr qy sYks. jIvn dIaF ieh jLrUrI loVF iesy qrqIb ivc loVINdIaF hn. pihlIaF iqMn loVF, jIvn dI joq nUM jgdI rKx leI jLrUrI hn, pr cOQI, Bfv sYks qoN ibnF mnuK mrdf qF nhIN pr Aus dI ijLMdgI aDUrI jLrUr rih jFdI hY - Auh ijLMdgI dy iek imTy PLl qoN vFJf rih jFdf hY, ijs df pCqfvf Aus nUM Gux vFg lgf rihMdf hY. mfnisk qy srIrk BuK dI iqRpqI nf hox kfrn Auh hr vyly bycYn rihMdf hY- AusnUM acvI ijhI lgI rihMdI hY. ies leI sYks nUM mnuK dI iek kmjLorI kihxf TIk socxI df pRqIk nhIN. ieh gl vKrI hY ik sYks df aiq sLkqIsLflI jjLbf, afm kr ky, mnuK dI iek kmjLorI ho inbVdf hY. sYks, kudrq vloN pRvfnq iek scfeI hY. ies nUM iesy scfeI dI rOsLnI ivc dyKx, smJx qy hMZfAux dI loV hY. pr aj dI siQqI ivc sYks nUM iek aCUq ivsLf smiJaf jFdf hY. sYks bfry gl kridaF hI sLrm qy AulJx kfrn ichrf lfl ho jFdf hY. ies bfry ivcfr pRgt krn nUM aisBak mMinaf jFdf hY. ies sbMDI AusfrU rveIaf apnfAux dI loV hY - kudrq dI ieCf nUM hF pwKI huMgfrf dyx dI loV hY. sYks dI iKc sdkf hI mnuKI nr qy mdIn ipafr dy bMDn ivc bMnHy hoey hn aqy isRsLtI Auqy cihl-pihl df mfhOl kfiem hY. qfhIAuN kudrq, sMqfn AuqpqI dy ies asrdfr svY-cflk 'hiQafr' nUM KLUb mFj-sMvfr ky lMby smyN qk kMm krn vflI hflq ivc rKdI hY. ijQy ivigafnk lIhF qy sYks bfry gl krnI hovy, AuQy ivsLv pRisD mnoivigafnI aqy mnoivsLlysLx dy jnm-dfqf isgmMz Prfiez df ijLkr hoxf aiq jLrUrI hY, ikAuNik sYks dy Kyqr ivc Aus dI khI gl 'cUny c iet aqy srv-pRvfnq hY. Aus ny isD kIqf hY ik sYks rucI bfl avsQf qoN hI AuqpMn ho jFdI hY. sMn 1905 eI: ivc AusdI pusqk, 'bflF ivc sYks rucI' dy pRkfsLn ny ivigafnk hlikaF ivc hlcl mcf idqI sI. sYks dy mfihrF ny Ausdy nvyN isDFqF nUM 'dMdF ivc jIB lY ky' piVHaf. Aus dy ivcfrF dI bhuq ivroDqf hoeI. Aus nUM pfgl kih ky byiejLq kIqf igaf, pr aj dunIaF, sYks sbMDI Aus dy isDFqF nUM pUjdI hY. mOjUdf siQqI ivc, Prfiez nUM 20vIN sdI df mhfn mnoivigafnI qy icMqk mMinaf jFdf hY. (pr hYrfnI dI gl hY ik sovIaq XUnIan dy pRkfsLn aiDkfrI Prfiez dIaF rcnfvF nUM sovIaq lokF dI njLr krn qoN iJjk rhy hn -rUs ivc huxy ijhy pRkfsLq hoeI 'ilMg mnoivigafn qy lyK' nF dI Prfiez dI pusqk dy srkulysLn Aupr pfbMdI lgf idqI geI hY. isgmMz Prfiez ny bicaF ivc sYks rucIaF bfry jo kuJ iliKaf qy iswD kIqf hY, Aus sfry nUM myry pfTk hfly ijAuN df iqAuN hjLm nhIN kr skxgy. ies leI ieQy mlvIN ijhI jLubfn ivc sihMdI-sihMdI gl krnI hI Auicq rhygI, pr qQF nUM qoV-mroV ky pysL krn qoN sKLqI nfl guryjL kIqf jfvygf. bicaF ivc 6 mhIinaF dI Aumr qoN hI jxn aMgF nfl jfx buJ ky 'Kyzx' dI rucI dyKI jf skdI hY. afm qOr qy do-iqMn sfl dI Aumr qk bfhrI jxn aMgF nfl 'Kyzx' df iek KLfs pYtrn (qOr-qrIkf) hoNd ivc af jFdf hY. ies qoN agy, jvfnI dy phuPutfly qwk ies ivvhfr ivc koeI KLfs qbdIlI nhIN dyKI jf skdI. bcy nUM ies hrkq duafrf suK df anuBv huMdf hY. ieh rucI dovyN ilMgF ivc mOjUd huMdI hY. (AuNJ vI mnuKI sYks dy mfmly ivc koeI gl iek pfsV nhIN huMdI. ieh gl vKrI hY ik srIrk qy mfnisk kfrnF krky mnuKI nr, afm qOr qy cusq aqy mdIn dbU BUimkf inBfAuNdI hY.) pr Xfd riKaf jfvy, bicaF dI ies BolI-BflI hrkq (sYks rucI) nUM bflgLF dIaF sYks srgrmIaF nfl joV ky nhIN vyiKaf jf skdf. mukdI gl, bicaF ivc ilMgI BfvnfvF mOjUd huMdIaF hn pr Auho ijhIaF nhIN ijho ijhIaF bflgF ivc huMdIaF hn. bicaF ivc ieh kyvl iek suKdfiek ieMdrI igafn hY aqy ies qoN vD hor kuJ vI nhIN. mOjUdf dOr ivc, AuGf amrIkn mnoivigafnI qy sYks mfihr zf: zyivz irXUibn Auprokq ivcfrF dI 'pYr gz ky' pusLtI krdf hY. bcpn qy jvfnI dy ivckfrly pVfa (iksLor avsQf) dOrfn ies qoN ielfvf hor koeI KLfs sYks srgrmI nhIN dyKI jf skdI, bsLriq ik smfj dy gLlq qy GtIaf ansrF vloN iksLor jF iksLorIaF nUM kurfhy nf pfieaf jfvy. ies smyN bcy nUM sYks sbMDI shI qy ivigafnk lIhF qy jfxkfrI qy syD dyx dI loV huMdI hY. Xfd riKaf jfvy. ies phfV vrgI scfeI nUM axgOilaf krnf 'kbUqr df iblI nUM vyK ky aKF mItx' dy brfbr hY. iksLor avsQf pfr kridaF hI bcf, jvfnI dI rFglI dihlIjL qy pYr Drdf hY aqy ijLMdgI dy iek mhqvpUrn qy husIn-qrIn pVfa ivc dfKLl huMdf hY. jvfnI dI pihlI sunihrI ikrn dy nfl hI muMizaF qy kuVIaF ivc srIrk qy mfnisk qbdIlIaF njLr afAux lg jFdIaF hn, jo cVHdy sUrj vFg jvfnI df agfjL huMdIaF hn. sYks hfrmonjL df Auqpfdn sLurU ho jFdf hY, ijs dy jfdUmeI asr hyT zUMGI nINdr suqy, nr qy mdIn jnx aMg awK KolHdy hn aqy dUsry ilMg icMnH aMgVfeIaF lYx lgdy hn. mnuKI nr ivc 14-15 sfl aqy mdIn ivc 10-14 sfl dI Aumr ivc jvfnI dy muZly icMnH AuGVny sLurU ho jFdy hn. kuVIaF ivc jvfnI hVH vFg afAuNdI hY. pMjfbI kuVI, iksy vyly 12-13 sflF dI hI jlvfgr ho jFdI sI. pRisD iksfkfr mIaF PLjLl sLfh, afpxI rcnF 'sohxI mhINvfl' ivc sohxI nUM bfrHvyN vrHy ivc hI cODvIN dy cMd vrgI Br jobn muitafr dsdf hY. ies dy Ault, muMizaF ivc jvfnI, QoVHI pCV ky msq cfl afAuNdI hY. afE sYks nfl sbMDq aMgF dI kfrj-ivDI qy iek islislyvfr ZMg nfl ivcfr krIey : nr jxn aMg aqy AunHF dIaF ikirafvF : mnuK dy nr-jxn aMgF ivc tYsits df muK sQfn hY. ieh do glYNz hn, jo cmVI dI iek QYlI ivc bVI kfrIgrI nfl sFBy huMdy hn. ieh QYlI, srdI ivc suMgV jFdI hY aqy grmI ivc ltk jFdI hY. ies qrHF df kudrqI pRbMD tYsits nUM aiq dI srdI qy grmI qoN rfhq idMdf hY. sLukrfxUaF dy Auqpfdn aqy iPr AuHnF nUM qMdrusq hflq ivc suriKaq krn leI Auicq qfpmfn qy anukUl vfqfvrx dI loV huMdI hY. tYsits ivc nr ilMg hfrmon-tYstOstIrfn AuqpMn huMdf hY. ies hfrmon df Auqpfdn aYzrInl glYNzjL ivc vI huMdf hY, pr bhuq QOVI mfqrf ivc . ieh hfrmon, iksLor avsQF nUM jvfnI df 'jfg' lgfAux df kMm krdf hY. ies dy asr dy dUsry ilMg icMnH AuGVny sLurU ho jFdy hn, ijvyN afvfjL df bdlxf (ptxf) , muwC Puwtxf, jxn aMgF dy afkfr ivc vfDf, srIr dy keI QfvF qy vfl Augxy, ivroDI ilMg vwl iKwc qy idlcspI df ruJfn, afpxI idwK nUM sMudr bxfAux dy Auprfly afid. qfhIEN tIneyj muMzy, keI vyr, cMgI-BlI bMnHI hoeI pg nUM Zfh ky muV bMnHdy hn jF iPr afpxy vflF nUM muVmuV sMvfrdy hn. AuNJ ieh iek qMdrusq ruJfn hY. mfipaF nUM ies sbMD ivc pRysLfn hox dI loV nhIN aqy nf hI bhuq tok-tukfeI krnI cfhIdI hY. vfr-vfr sLIsLf dyKx dI KUbsUrq 'mrjL' dy lCx vI iesy Aumry idKfeI idMdy hn. ilMg hfrmon dy asr hyT afm srIrk ivkfs dI gqI ivc iekdm qyjIL af jFdI hY. tYsits df dUsrf kMm hY, sLukrfxU iqafr krnf, jo AuqpqI df afDfr bxdy hn. sLukrfxU, iek guCydfr nlI (aYpIzfeIzims) ivc iekTy huMdy hn. ieQoN iek nlI sLukrvfihkf sLukrfxUaF nUM mUqr-vihxI qk ilafAux df kMm krdI hY. nr-jxn aMgF nfl sMbDq pRostyt qy kfAuUpr grMQIaF df sqrfv, sLukrfxUaF nfl iml ky vIrj df rUp Dfrn krdf hY. isLsn, mfdf jxn aMg ivc sLukrfxU phMucx df kMm krdf hY. srIrk sQMDF dOrfn msfny df 'Pftk' ks ky bMd ho jFdf hYy, qF ik ieqPLfk nfl ipsLfb KLfrj nf ho sky. ieQy, nr-jxn aMgF sMbDI iewk idlcsp gl df ijLkr krnf byarQ nhIN hovygf. mrdF ivc sYks dI gMuJldfr ikiraf aqy ipsLfb KLfrj krn dI sfDfrn ikiraf leI ieko aMg dI ivAuNq, kudrq dI rcnfqimk klf df adBuq nmUnf pysL krdI hY. ieh hor vI acMBy dI gl hY ik mrd dy iek vyr dy vIrjpfq, ijs dI imkdfr 5-7 imlI iltr huMdI hY, ivc aOsqn lgBg 500,000,000 sLukrfxU qYrdy hn. ilMgI srgrmIaF df muK kyNdr, idmfgL ivc iewk KLfs QF 'qy siQq huMdf hY, pr rIVH dI hzI ivclI muwK ns ivc siQq Aup-kyNdr, mrdF ivc ivsLysL mhqv rKdf hY ies dy hF pKI hMugfry qoN ibnHF 'pqf vI nhIN ihl skdf'. supndosL AuNJ ieh iewk vKrf ivsLf hY, pr ies sbMD ivc, iewQy, 'do qopy Brn'y jLrUrI hn. hfvrz Pfst df kQn hY: "keI supny kyvl sfzIaF guMJlF dy pRCfvyN hI huMdy hn, ijhVIaF jfgidaF sfzy sfhmxy hMudIaF hn. gurbKLsL isMG pRIqlVI vI kuJ iesy qrHF kihMdf hY, "keI supny sfzIaF apUrn KLfihsLF dI qVPxI qoN sfnUM bcfAux leI afAuNdy hn jF sfzy zrF, icMqfvF df icqr huMdy hn. ies qrHF sYks dy mfmly ivc, mnuK df acyq mn nINd dI hflq ivc rMgIn (keI vyr AUt ptFg) supny icwqr ky ies sMbD ivc sucyq mn dI iewCf dI pUrqI krdf hY. sYks sMbDI anhoxIaF glF nuM sfkfr krdf hY. qMdrusq hflq ivc jxn aMg lgfqfr afpxf kMm jfrI rKdy hn. ies leI kdy kdfeIN nINd dI hflq ivc vIrjpfq ho jfxf iek kudrqI vrqfrf hY. afm hflq ivc ies nUM rog nhIN ikhf jf skdf. (hF, asfDfrn hflq ivc iksy mfihr zfktr dI slfh lY lYxI cfhIdI hY.) puMgr rhIaF jvfnIaF aqy AunF dy mfipaF nUM ies sbMD ivc bhuqf BYa-BIq hox dI loV nhIN aqy nf hI nIm-hkImF qy zfktrF dy guMmrfhkun pRfpygMzf df isLkfr ho ky pYsy dI brbfdI krnI cfhIdI hY. tIneyj bwicaF ivc ies sMbDI gunfh qy zr dI Bfvnf mfnisk AulJxF nUM jnm dy skdI hY. mdIn jxn aMg aqy AunHF dIaF
ikirafvF : kjly dI afKy Dfr kuVy. dUsry mdIn jxn aMg ies pRkfr hn : 1) PYnopIan nilkfvF, 2) grBfsLX aqy 3) XOnI. pr ies smyN ienHF dy vyrivaF dI loV nhIN . ieqPLfkvws, byswLk CfqIaF ilMgI aMgF dI sUcI ivc sLfml nhIN hn bcy nUM KuLrfk muheIaf krn df iewk sfDn hn, pr mnwuK ivc, awj, ienHF dI jLordfr ilMgI mhqqf hY. ies gl qoN munkr nhIN hoieaf jf skdf ik hr Aumr dy mrd dIaF njLrF (asfDfrn iksm dy mrdF nUM Cz ky ) aOrq dy ichry qoN htfieaf hI Aus dy AuBfrF qy af itkdIaF hn. jvfn hox df sB qoN mhqvpUrn icMnH mfisk Drm ckr df sLurU hoxf hY. hr mhIny, bcf pYdf krn Xog qMdrusLq aOrq dI grBfsLX ( bcydfnI) nuM KUn dI splfeI vD jFdI hY. kudrq, aijhf insLyicq hoey aMzy nUM sFBx dy pRubMD vjoN krdI hY. pr jdoN aMzf insLyicq nf ho sky qF aijhf pRbMD byloVf bx ky rih jFdf hY. grBfsLX dI dIvfr dI AuprlI iJwlI twutx kfrn BMzfr hoieaf lhU vgx lgdf hY. ies nUM 'mfXUs hoeI bcydfnI df roxf' ikhf jf skdf hY. grB Tihrn dI sUrq ivc mfisk Drm bMd ho jFdf hY. jvfn ho rhy bwicaF dy mfipaF leI sunyhf : jvfnI c pYr Drdy bwcy nfdfn hox kfrn Btk skdy hn jF gumrfh kIqy jf skdy hn. ies leI mfipaf vloN AunHF dI sMgq qy iqKI njLr rKxI cfhIdI hY, pr bwcy nUM mihsLUs nf hovy ik Aus nuM sLwk dI ingfh nfl dyiKaf jf irhf hY. hr gl bcy nUM Brosy ivc lY ky krnI cfhIdI hY. mfipaf leI ieh gwl ivsLysL qOr qy not krn vflI hY ik ies Aumry bwicaF dy suBfa ivc qbdIlI afAuxI suLBfivk hY, ikAuNik hux AunHF dI afjLfd hsqI AuBr ky sfhmxy afAux lgdI hY. bhuq hI afigakfrI bicaF vloN vI mF ipE dI gl nUM tokxf, iek kudrqI ruJfn hY. ies leI mfipaF nUM GbrfAuxf nhIN cfhIdf, ikAuNik kudrq dy kfnuMUnF qoN munkr nhIN hoieaf jf skdf. kfrlfien df kQn hY 'kudrq koeI JUT kbUl nhIN krdI.' ies leI ies siQqI ivc mfipaF nUM bVy DIrj qy TrMHmy qoN kMm lYxf cfhIdf hY. kudrq vloN pRvfnq hrkqF qy ruJfnF nUM, smfijk bMDnF dI hd aMdr rihMidaF mfnqf dyxI hI bxdI hY. ********************* jIvnibAurf zf: hrcMd isMG srihMdI 1[
pUrf nF (qKls smyq) : zf: hrcMd isMG srihMdI 2)
bI[vI[aYssI[ pMjfb XUnIvristI 1961 12[
mukMml pqf : zf: hrcMd isMG srihMdI, |
© likhari: Punjabi Likhari Forum-2001-2002